Arkansas soil in February benefits from root vegetables that tolerate chilly nights and short days. If you are looking for the best vegetables to plant in february in arkansas, you have come to the right place. February in Arkansas can be tricky—some days feel like spring, others remind you winter is still here. But with the right choices, you can get a head start on your garden. This guide covers exactly what to plant, when to plant it, and how to care for your crops during this unpredictable month.
Best Vegetables To Plant In February In Arkansas
February planting in Arkansas is all about cold-hardy crops. The soil is still cool, but it is workable in many areas. You want vegetables that can handle a light frost and even a bit of snow. Root vegetables are your best bet, but leafy greens and some brassicas also do well. Here is a breakdown of the top choices.
Root Vegetables For February Planting
Root crops thrive in cool soil. They develop slowly, which makes them sweeter and more tender. In Arkansas, February is ideal for getting these into the ground.
Carrots
Carrots are a February favorite. They need loose, well-drained soil without rocks. Sow seeds directly into the garden bed about two weeks before the last frost. In southern Arkansas, that can be as early as mid-February. In the north, wait until late February or early March.
- Choose short-season varieties like ‘Nantes’ or ‘Danvers’.
- Soak seeds in warm water for 4 hours before planting to speed germination.
- Thin seedlings to 2 inches apart once they are 2 inches tall.
Beets
Beets handle cold well and can be planted as soon as the soil is workable. They prefer a soil pH between 6.0 and 7.0. In Arkansas, February planting gives you a harvest by late April or early May.
- Plant seeds 1 inch deep and 2 inches apart.
- Keep soil moist but not soggy.
- Harvest when roots are 1.5 to 2 inches in diameter.
Radishes
Radishes are the fastest crop you can plant in February. They mature in just 25 to 30 days. This makes them perfect for a quick harvest before you plant warm-season crops.
- Sow seeds every 10 days for a continuous supply.
- Thin to 1 inch apart.
- Water regularly to prevent woody roots.
Turnips
Turnips are another cold-tolerant root vegetable. Both the root and the greens are edible. Plant them in February for a dual-purpose crop.
- Space seeds 4 inches apart.
- Harvest greens when they are 4 to 6 inches tall.
- Pull roots when they are 2 to 3 inches across.
Leafy Greens For Early Spring
Leafy greens are hardy and can survive light freezes. They grow best in cool weather, so February is perfect for starting them.
Spinach
Spinach loves cold weather. It can tolerate temperatures down to 20°F. In Arkansas, plant spinach seeds directly in the garden in late February.
- Choose varieties like ‘Bloomsdale’ or ‘Tyee’.
- Sow seeds 1 inch apart in rows 12 inches apart.
- Harvest outer leaves when plants have 6 to 8 leaves.
Lettuce
Lettuce is a cool-season crop that grows quickly. Plant it in February for salads by early April. Use loose-leaf varieties for the best results.
- Plant seeds 1/4 inch deep.
- Thin to 6 inches apart.
- Keep soil consistently moist.
Kale
Kale is extremely cold-hardy. It actually tastes sweeter after a frost. In Arkansas, February is a great time to plant kale.
- Space plants 12 to 18 inches apart.
- Harvest leaves from the bottom up.
- Protect from heavy winds with row covers.
Swiss Chard
Swiss chard is a colorful, nutritious green. It tolerates both cold and heat, making it a versatile choice for Arkansas gardens.
- Plant seeds 1 inch deep and 4 inches apart.
- Thin to 8 inches apart.
- Harvest outer leaves when they are 6 to 8 inches long.
Brassicas For February Planting
Brassicas, or cabbage family crops, do well in cool weather. They can be planted in February for a late spring harvest.
Cabbage
Cabbage heads form best in cool temperatures. In Arkansas, start seeds indoors in February or plant transplants outdoors in late February.
- Space plants 12 to 24 inches apart.
- Use row covers to protect from cabbage worms.
- Harvest when heads are firm.
Broccoli
Broccoli prefers cool weather. Plant it in February for heads by May. Choose varieties like ‘Green Goliath’ or ‘Waltham’.
- Set transplants 18 inches apart.
- Side-dress with nitrogen fertilizer when heads form.
- Harvest before flowers open.
Cauliflower
Cauliflower is a bit more challenging but worth it. It needs consistent cool temperatures and plenty of water.
- Space plants 24 inches apart.
- Blanch heads by tying leaves over them.
- Harvest when heads are 6 to 8 inches across.
Brussels Sprouts
Brussels sprouts take a long time to mature, but February planting gives them a head start. They taste best after a frost.
- Space plants 24 inches apart.
- Stake tall varieties.
- Harvest sprouts from the bottom up.
Peas For Early Spring
Peas are a classic cool-season crop. They can be planted in February in Arkansas, especially in the southern part of the state.
Snow Peas
Snow peas are easy to grow and produce flat, edible pods. Plant them as soon as the soil is workable.
- Sow seeds 1 inch deep and 2 inches apart.
- Provide a trellis for support.
- Harvest when pods are flat and before seeds swell.
Snap Peas
Snap peas have plump, edible pods. They are sweeter than snow peas and just as easy to grow.
- Plant in full sun.
- Water regularly, especially during flowering.
- Harvest when pods are round and bright green.
English Peas
English peas are grown for their seeds, not the pods. They need a bit more space but are rewarding.
- Space seeds 2 inches apart in rows 18 inches apart.
- Harvest when pods are full but still bright green.
- Shell peas immediately for best flavor.
Soil Preparation For February Planting
Before you plant, you need to prepare your soil. Arkansas soil varies widely, from clay in the Delta to sandy loam in the Ozarks. Here is how to get it ready.
Test Your Soil
Soil testing is the first step. You can get a kit from your local extension office. Test for pH and nutrient levels. Most vegetables prefer a pH between 6.0 and 7.0.
- If pH is too low, add lime.
- If pH is too high, add sulfur.
- Add compost or well-rotted manure for organic matter.
Amend The Soil
Arkansas soil often needs organic matter. Compost improves drainage in clay soil and water retention in sandy soil. Add 2 to 3 inches of compost and work it into the top 6 to 8 inches.
- Use aged manure for nitrogen.
- Add bone meal for phosphorus.
- Mix in greensand for potassium.
Warm The Soil
February soil can be cold. To speed up warming, cover your beds with black plastic or row covers for a week before planting. This can raise soil temperature by 5 to 10 degrees.
- Remove plastic before planting.
- Use row covers after planting for frost protection.
- Water with warm water if possible.
Planting Tips For February In Arkansas
February planting requires a bit of strategy. Here are some practical tips to help you succeed.
Use Row Covers
Row covers are lightweight fabric that protects plants from frost and pests. They are essential for February planting in Arkansas.
- Use floating row covers for easy installation.
- Remove covers on sunny days to prevent overheating.
- Secure edges with soil or rocks.
Start Seeds Indoors
Some vegetables benefit from an indoor start. This gives them a head start before transplanting outdoors in March or April.
- Use seed-starting mix in trays or pots.
- Keep soil moist and warm (65-75°F).
- Provide 12-16 hours of light daily.
- Harden off seedlings before transplanting.
Water Carefully
February can be wet or dry in Arkansas. Check soil moisture before watering. Overwatering can cause rot in cool soil.
- Water deeply but infrequently.
- Water in the morning to allow leaves to dry.
- Use drip irrigation for consistent moisture.
Mulch For Insulation
Mulch helps regulate soil temperature and retain moisture. Use straw, shredded leaves, or wood chips.
- Apply 2 to 3 inches of mulch after planting.
- Keep mulch away from plant stems.
- Refresh mulch as needed.
Common Challenges In February Gardening
February gardening in Arkansas comes with its own set of challenges. Here is how to handle them.
Late Frosts
Arkansas can have frost well into March. Be prepared to protect your plants.
- Cover plants with blankets or row covers.
- Water soil before a frost to release heat.
- Use cloches for individual plants.
Heavy Rain
February can bring heavy rain, which leads to waterlogged soil. Raised beds help with drainage.
- Plant in raised beds if possible.
- Avoid walking on wet soil.
- Add organic matter to improve drainage.
Pests
Cool-season pests like aphids and cabbage worms can appear. Monitor your plants regularly.
- Use insecticidal soap for aphids.
- Handpick cabbage worms.
- Use row covers to prevent pest access.
Frequently Asked Questions
Can I plant tomatoes in February in Arkansas?
No, tomatoes are warm-season crops. They need soil temperatures above 60°F. Start seeds indoors in February for transplanting in April or May.
What is the best way to protect plants from frost in February?
Use row covers, blankets, or cloches. Water the soil before a frost to help retain heat. Remove covers during the day if temperatures rise above freezing.
How do I know when the soil is workable in February?
Grab a handful of soil and squeeze it. If it crumbles, it is workable. If it forms a sticky ball, it is too wet. Wait a few days and test again.
Can I plant onions in February in Arkansas?
Yes, onions are cold-hardy. Plant sets or transplants in February for a summer harvest. Choose short-day varieties for Arkansas.
What vegetables should I avoid planting in February?
Avoid warm-season crops like peppers, tomatoes, cucumbers, and squash. They cannot tolerate cold soil or frost. Wait until April or May for these.
Final Thoughts On February Planting In Arkansas
February is a great time to start your garden in Arkansas. The key is choosing the right vegetables and protecting them from the cold. Root vegetables, leafy greens, brassicas, and peas all do well. Prepare your soil, use row covers, and water wisely. With a little effort, you will have fresh vegetables by early spring. Remember to check your local frost dates and adjust planting times accordingly. Happy gardening in the Natural State.